OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE & TREATMENT OPTIONS

What is osteoarthritis?

It’s an age-related degenerative wear and tear of the smooth lining (cartilage) of the joints.

What joints are affected?

Commonly affects weight-bearing joints (hips and knees), but can affect any joint. In the Indian scenario, knees are more affected due to our lifestyle.








What age group is affected?

Usually affects people more than 50–55 years of age. It’s more common in females.

What are its symptoms?

• Pain
• Swelling
• Decreased joint movement
• Stiffness
• Difficulty in standing / climbing stairs
• Sleep disturbance—rest pain

What are its causes?

• Age
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Increased uric acid – Gout
• Post traumatic

How do you diagnose osteoarthritis?

• Clinical examination
• X-rays of the joints
• Blood tests to rule out rheumatoid arthritis , Gout

What are treatment options?

Treatment depends on the stages of arthritis

• Stage I: 25% joint damage
• Stage II: 25%–50% joint damage
• Stage III 50–75% joint damage
• Stage IV: >75 % joint damage

Stage I-III conservative treatment in the form of

• Analgesics (pain medicine)
• Cartilage Supplements
• Physiotherapy
• Life style modifications
• Weight management
• Lubricant injections (visco supplementation)
• Stem cell therapy
• Key hole surgery (Arthroscopy)

Stage IV—Total Knee Replacement

What are joint lubricant injections?

In osteoarthritis, there is depletion of synovial fluid in the joint; this can be supplemented with lubricant injections (hyaluronic acid). These injections can be helpful for 9–12 months, depending on the stage in which they are administered.

What is the role of keyhole surgery in osteoarthritis?

Key surgery (arthroscopy) is done to debride the joint and also to remove osteophytes. It’s done in patients below stage III. It will help to relieve pain to some extent.

What is Total Knee Replacement?

It’s replacing or resurfacing the worn-out smooth lining (cartilage) with metal lining & polyethylene inset, hence restoring the functionality of the joint.

What are the advantages of Total Knee Replacement?

• Improves quality of life
• Pain-free mobility

What are the tests done before TKR?

• X-rays of the knee joint
• Blood investigations
• CUE
• Chest x-ray
• ECG
• 2D echo
• Physician and cardiologist opinion
• Anaesthetic check up

How long does the surgery last?

45 min on an average for each knee

How many days does a patient have to be hospitalized?

3-4 days

How many days does the patient have to take bed rest?

No bed rest; the patient is made to walk immediately after the surgery

When will the patient be made to walk?

Patient is made to walk immediately after the surgery

How long do the TKR implants last?

On, 20–25 years

What about physiotherapy after TKR?

The patient will be taught exercises after the surgery during their stay in the hospital. They have to do the same when they go home.

Can replacement of both knees be done at the same time?

Yes, if both knees are worn out, it’s always better to get them replaced at the same time if the patient  is surgically fit.

What is the success rate of TKR?

Around 95% success rates.

 

Tags: Osteoarthritis treatment in Hyderabad, Orthopedic surgeon in Hyderabad


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